Tratamiento conservador de las fracturas del cóndilo mandibular en pacientes pediátricos: Serie de casos

Ana Verónica  D'Andrea; María Gabriela  Martínez; A Carolina  Medina; Luzia  Da Silva

doi:10.47990/alop.v7i2.140

Autores

Ana Verónica D'Andrea
María Gabriela Martínez
A Carolina Medina
Luzia Da Silva

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47990/alop.v7i2.140

Palavras-chave:

Fratura de côndilo mandibular, Tratamento conservador

Resumo

A fratura do côndilo mandibular é uma lesão traumática infrequente em crianças devido a fatores anatômicos e ambientais, além de causar anquilose da articulação temporomandibular, assimetrias faciais e transtornos funcionais. O tratamento conservador é o mais aceito e é fundamental o acompanhamento em curto e longo prazo. A seguinte pesquisa descreve o acompanhamento de 11 pacientes que apresentaram fraturas de côndilo préviamente e visitaram o consultório de Ortodontia Interceptativa da Faculdade de Ontologia da Universidade Central da Venezuela no período 2001-2014. Utilizaram-se radiografia panorâmicas e tomografias antes e depois o tratamento para avaliar a idade do paciente, tipo e causa da fratura, tratamento realizado e o tempo de duração do acompanhamento. Avaliaram-se as mudanças anatômicas acontecidas. Os tipos de tratamento incluíram analgésicos, anti-inflamatórios, bloqueio intermaxilar, fisioterapia e aparelhos funcionais (bionator, klammt, híbridos). A presença de fraturas de côndilo foi de 1,50% e as causas mais frequentes foram quedas e acidente de tráfego. As fraturas mais comuns foram 5 casos de fraturas unilaterais e 6 de fraturas bilaterais. O tratamento conservador foi sucesso na maior parte dos casos. Observou-se como resultado a remodelação do côndilo com variantes anatômicas menores nalgumas ocasiões. Não se observou nem anquilose nem assimetria facial ou funcional.

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