Condylar fracture associated with trauma in early childhood: case report

Abstract

Facial fractures are uncommon and challenging situations in early childhood. When facial trauma occurs, involvement of mandibular structures such as the condyle is highly prevalent. The present study aimed to report a case of condylar fracture associated with trauma in early childhood, including the diagnosis and management. A 6-year-old female patient presented to the Pediatric Dental Emergency Care at the Children's Specialty Clinic, Baby-Clinic, at the State University of Londrina (UEL), with a complaint of prolonged retention of tooth 51 and the need for orthodontic treatment. During the anamnesis, the legal guardian reported providing preventive dental care at the Basic Health Unit and a history of trauma at 3 and 6 months of age. On clinical examination, facial asymmetry and deviation of the midline during mouth opening were observed. Palpation revealed inadequate movement of the left temporomandibular joint. Complementary exams confirmed the diagnosis of condylar fracture and consolidation of the left condyle in an abnormal position. As a course of action, the multidisciplinary team opted to follow the case until the jawbone had fully developed. Based on this report, we can conclude that it is the pediatric dentist's duty to be alert to skeletal changes in children to avoid underdiagnosis of severe bone fractures and their sequelae, ensuring quality of life for the child and his/her family.