Diagnosis and management of dentoalveolar ankylosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47990/alop.v5i2.5Keywords:
Dentoalveolar ankylosis, infraocclusion, submerged tooth, malocclusion, periodontal ligamentAbstract
Dentoalveolar ankylosis is a dental defect, which presents loss of continuity of the periodontal ligament, leading to the attachment of alveolar bone with cement or dentin. This prevents the normal eruption process and the vertical growth of the ankylosed tooth’s bone, while the adjacent teeth continue their eruption process and normal alveolar growth. This situation leads to the altered tooth staying below the occlusal plane, giving the impression of being submerged. Ankylosis is almost exclusive to primary dentition, and its prevalence varies between 1.3% and 8.9%, occurring more frequently in the first lower primary molars. Its exact etiology is still unknown, but there are different theories about the origin of this disorder, one of these is the genetic factor and the disruption of local metabolism of the periodontal ligament. The presence of ankylosis can favor the development of various alterations in the dentition, such as loss of arch perimeter, the inclination of adjacent teeth, loss of space and chewing disorders among others. Therefore it is very important a clinical and radiographic diagnosis to establish a timely treatment to prevent and minimize the occlusal imbalance. Therapeutic alternatives for dentoalveolar ankylosis are controversial, and treatment decisions are based primarily on clinical and radiographic findings, clinical implications and the severity of infraocclusion.
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